Trump imposed hefty new tariffs of 25% over the weekend on imports from Mexico and Canada and 10% against China, saying this could cause "short-term" pain for Americans. "These announcements have come as a shock to many investors who expected tariffs would only be imposed if trade negotiations failed," the Wall Street brokerage said in a note dated Feb. 2. Goldman Sachs estimates that every 5-percentage-point increase in the tariff rate would lower the S&P 500's earnings per share by roughly 1% to 2%.